Ginkgo Biloba
Also known as: Ginkgo, EGb 761
One of the most extensively researched herbal supplements in Western medicine, with well-documented effects on cerebral blood flow, platelet aggregation, and neuroprotection.
What It Is
Ginkgo biloba is one of the most extensively researched herbal supplements in Western medicine. Standardized leaf extract (commonly labeled EGb 761) has well-documented effects on cerebral blood flow, platelet activity, and neuroprotection, driven by its flavonoid glycosides and terpene lactones.
What the Evidence Shows
- Cerebral circulation: Improves blood flow and oxygen delivery to the brain, particularly in regions affected by age-related hypoperfusion.
- Memory and processing: Meta-analyses of standardized extract in older adults show measurable support for memory and cognitive processing speed.
- Antioxidant neuroprotection: Flavonoid glycosides neutralize free radicals in neural and vascular tissue, a complementary mechanism to its circulatory effects.
Dosing
Standard range: 120–240 mg daily of standardized EGb 761 extract (24% flavonoid glycosides, 6% terpene lactones), typically split into two doses. Allow 4–6 weeks before expecting measurable cognitive effects.
Safety Profile
Has mild anticoagulant properties ... do not combine with warfarin, aspirin, or other blood thinners without medical supervision, and discontinue at least 2 weeks before any surgery. Seizure risk has been reported at very high doses. Generally well tolerated at standard doses in healthy adults.
Practical Notes
- Look for extract standardized to EGb 761 or equivalent (24% flavonoid glycosides / 6% terpene lactones) ... unstandardized ginkgo leaf products are unlikely to match the studied dose.
- Ginkgo has a long history in Traditional Chinese Medicine (Bái Guǒ Yè, 银杏叶), traditionally used to support circulation. See our Natural Herb Library link below for that traditional-use context.